Overview of Infrastructure in Egypt

=Refineries= With it's nine refineries, Egypt has the largest refining sector in Africa according to the Revenue Watch Institute. Most refineries are operated by state-owned agencies and make up a combined crude oil processing capacity of 726,250 barrels per day (bpd), according to the Oil&Gas Journal in January 2012. The el-Nasr refinery on the Suez Canal is the largest refinery in Egypt with a 146,000 bpd capacity, followed by the Mostorod refinery which processes 145,000 bpd.

=Pipelines= There are two major pipelines in Egypt: Arab Gas Pipeline (AGP) and the Suez-Mediterranean (SUMED) pipeline. The AGP, which originates in Egypt, provides gas to several neighboring countries. The Sumed pipeline is an important alternative route to the Suez Canal for transporting oil from the Gulf region to the Mediterranean.

According the EIA country profile, around 30 percent of Egypt's natural gas is exported via pipeline.

=LNG Facilities=

In Egypt there are two liquefied natural gas (LNG) facilities, Egyptian LNG and SEGAS, both of which are under the control of a consortium of national and international oil companies. The Egyptian LNG plant consists of two operating facilities located in Idku on the Mediterranean coastline, with a 3.6 million ton per year capacity each. With the capability to accommodate the largest LNG vessels up to 160,000 cubic meters, the LNG port at Idku is the largest specialized LNG export facility in Egypt. The SEGAS plant has a capacity of 5 million tons per year and is located in Damietta, further east of Idku and also on the Mediterranean. There are plans to expand both terminals in the near future, depending on export policy changes.

According the EIA country profile, around 70 percent of Egypt's natural gas is exported in the form of LNG, which amounted approximately 12.7 billion cubic meters in 2009. The In the same year, the United States was the largest recipient of Egyptian LNG, representing 35 percent of Egyptian LNG exports for the year and also 35 percent of U.S. LNG imports. Egyptian LNG export also went to Spain (32 percent) and France (13 percent) with smaller volumes travelling to Canada, Mexico, Asia and other European countries.

=References=